Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

North about type E-3 AWACS

E-3 Sentry AWACS-type, the world’s best large-scale early warning aircraft, one by the U.S. Boeing company, the prototype for the Boeing 707/320 aircraft. E-3 is based on U.S. Air Force “air warning and control system” (AWACS) plans to develop long-range all-weather airborne early warning and control aircraft, under visual ability in a variety of terrain above the aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor people. E-3 uses four Pratt & Whitney TF33-PW-100A turbofan engines, a single thrust of 9534 kg. E-3 of the fuselage above the middle of the installation of a huge radar dome, inside the installation of a large number of related electronic equipment, making the E-3 can serve as the U.S. military in combat theater of command and communication centers. E-3′s development began in 1975. Installation tester number EC-137D. March 1977, the U.S. 552 Airborne Warning and Control Squadron received its first E-3 AWACS aircraft. All 34 U.S. E-3 in the last one in June 1984 in service.

a total of 68 production, two semi-finished products (a NATO, a U.S. Air Force)

U.S. Air Force E-3 have 33 active duty. 28 Tinker Air Force Base is in the Air Command. Four E-3 in the Pacific Air Force’s Kadena base in Okinawa, Japan and Alaska Elmendorf base, etc.. A TS-3 is a Boeing-type test machine.

have 18 NATO E-3A and related support facilities. Since the requirement that all aircraft must have registered the country, NATO’s 18 are registered in Luxembourg, this country does not have any Air Force First NATO E-3 aircraft was delivered in January 1982. Currently because of a crash so the other 17 are to stockpile maintenance.

NATO members Britain and France do not use the NATO E-3A but to participate in research and development project is now Britain and France have their own E-3. UK 7. France has four, all new CFM56-2 engines. Britain in the 1970s was expected to use the Hawker Siddeley Nimrod aircraft to take over Avro Shackleton as the AWACS platform, then the test results are not satisfactory and the use of E-3.

Saudi Arabia also has five, they are the CFM56-2 engine Japan has four AWACS Boeing 767 of the above equipment and E-3 is almost the same.

E-32 is the first war of the Gulf War operation Desert Shield; establishment of a comprehensive radar network to protect against Iraq during the Desert Storm, E-3 completed 400 missions and more than 5,000 hours flight. First time in history early-warning radar to record all the air through. In addition to providing real-time enemy dynamics, E-3 also supports a 40 shot down in air-to-38 times.

1996 In March, the U.S. Air Force air control group of 513, an E-3 as a back-up, completed the active duty mission.

E-3 AWACS airborne equipment

power plant built pod under the wing of four Pratt & Whitney TF33-PW -100/100A turbofan engine, a single thrust of 93.4 kN (9525 kg), air refueling above the cockpit by the port.

cabin capable of carrying the first batch of 17 production crew, including four pilots, the system operator 12, which are responsible for the operation of communications equipment, computers, radar and nine multi-purpose console Another officer on duty one. In the upper cabin, back from the cockpit in order of priority are: communication equipment cabinet and communications console, data processing equipment cabinets and computer operator workstations, three in a row of nine multi-purpose console, bench officers on duty, radar receiver and radar operator workstations, and signal processor cabinet. The tail is that the crew lounge and life-saving appliances spare storage cabinet. Computer table on the left front of the cabin has put institutions bailed out. Before the cargo at the former Boeing -707 with modified flight control equipment after the cabinet, communication equipment cabinets, central switchboard, cabinet and the DC power supply life-saving parachute container. After the modified cargo hold is equipped with radar transmitters and auxiliary power units, has opened a bulkhead on the auxiliary power unit inlet.

the Gulf War of E-3 aircraft crew increased to 4 units, the system operator 19 to 29.

system of a liquid cooling system for cooling the radar transmitter, a circulating air-conditioning system and a closed-loop cooling air-conditioning systems for stamping and electronic equipment, air conditioning crew. Generating capacity of 600 KVA. After the cargo within the auxiliary power unit. There are two sets of mutually connected independent hydraulic systems; emergency, every manipulation of a system can meet the plane and drive the need for rotating radar dome.

airborne equipment can be divided into search radar, IFF, data processing, communications, navigation and guidance, and data display and control six subsystems.

radar developed AN/APY-1 Westinghouse-type S-band pulse Doppler radar mainly by the size of 7.3 m × 1.52 m flat-panel slot array antennas, radar transmitter, radar receiver machine with digital signal processor components. Choice of pulse or pulse Doppler, a high pulse repetition frequency or low pulse repetition frequency, vertical scan or vertical scan, active or passive variety of work. According to different operational conditions to 360 ° azimuth circle is divided into 32 fan-shaped area at the fan-shaped area of ??each work to adopt an appropriate combination of emission scanning radar procedures to adapt to the next, as, long-range search over the horizon, sea targets Search and orientation determination of different combat interference tasks. Radar has a narrow main lobe, sidelobes low, frequency hopping, multi-pulse repetition rate, moving target indication and other technical characteristics, can effectively resist electronic interference. Radome is elliptical cross section, diameter of 9.1 m, 1.8 m thick. Strengthen the central section of the rib structure of aluminum skin, below the turntable through the two pillars of fixed structure and the body in the post. In turn the platform rotating bearings, and electrical and waveguide rotary joint system. Radar antenna, IFF antenna, high-speed tactical intelligence data transmission antenna, the radar antenna cooling system, air-conditioning systems and radome fiberglass radome etc fixed to the central segment. Radar work, rotating radome by the hydraulic drive, 6 per minute, turn; radar does not work, per minute 1/4 turn to keep the bearings lubricated.

IFF double 卡特勒哈默 company developed AN/APX-103 inquiry-based high machine direction asking – receiving coded IFF system. Its antenna back to back with the radar antenna rotating radar antenna mounted on the hood. The inquiry and the received signal by the signal processor are the central data processor control. The system can get by with encoding transponder target orientation and distance information. IFF systems in a single scan can be asked more than 200 with answering machine of air, sea or land targets, to “air alert and control system” commander to complete the land, sea and air power configuration.

communication system equipped with 14 kinds of HF, VHF, UHF communications equipment to ensure that the E-3 对 E-3, air, ground and emergency communications. In the third batch of production aircraft in the armed forces general hours of installation of digital data transmission system.

navigation and guidance system with two sets of Delco’s roulette Trojan IV inertial navigation system, Northrop ARN-99 Omega navigation equipment and Ryan’s APN-200 多Doppler navigation systems, integrated navigation error is less than 3.7 km.

E-3 AWACS aircraft

total of four U.S. Pacific Theater E-3 AWACS. Were attached to the 961 Air Control Squadron, based in Japan, and Alaska 埃曼多夫基 of 962 Squadron. In addition, Saudi Arabia ordered E-3A5 aircraft, delivery is completed in 1987. British Order 7, France ordered four, in 1989 ~ 1992 delivery. A total of 1991 delivered 59 E-3. France, the purchase price of $ 183.3 million/aircraft, the United Kingdom $ 206 million purchase price/rack. Currently, Japan has proposed procurement E-3, has been discontinued due to the Boeing 707, Boeing 767 to use the E-3 airframe and electronic equipment, which indicates that the original E-3 production has been terminated.

E-3B is the first two U.S. military to improve the development of E-3, and A-type than the target increase processing capacity and improved ability to detect ships. E-3C and E-3D is the Air Force to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the United Kingdom model, basically the same with the E-3B. NATO charge of $ 2 billion to introduce a 18 E-3. The first aircraft was delivered in January 1982. 1981 Saudi Arabia ordered five E-3A and 6 KE-3 tanker (E-3′s fuel models) and accessories, training and logistical equipment, 84 years Saudi Arabia will be the volume of the KE-3 to 8. Britain has twists and turns, reducing the number ordered in 1987 ordered six E-3, $ 206 million price/rack, then added one; France, ordered three, $ 330 million price/rack, pay Time cargo 1989 to 1992, and also added an order.

E-3C E-3 U.S. and NATO to use the last 10 model, its basic characteristics and E-3B is similar, but modified the operational environment for the European anti-jamming communication system. In line with the E-3C use of its air defense system will be modified in the ground station communications equipment.

E-3D United Kingdom-based, installed CFM-56-2A-3 turbofans, 1991 delivery, the delivery is completed in March 1992.

E-3F French type, installed CFM-56-2A-3 turbofan engines, using some of the French electronic equipment, May 22, 1991 delivered to the French in 1992, delivered complete.

KE-3A using the body for Saudi E-3 tanker made a total of eight, without radome, with the CFM-56 engines.

JE-3C 1987 年 Boeing received U.S. $ 241.5 million contract modification plan. Requirements in the United States and NATO E-3 to install AN/AYR-1 electronic support measures system, to detect from enemy/friendly machine electromagnetic signals for the conversion of the United States and NATO in 1991 and a testing machine delivery.

E-3 AWACS – radar upgrade program

NATO E-3

radar system upgrade program (RSIP) jointly developed by the United States and NATO, strengthen the E-3 electronic counter-measures and system reliability, availability, maintenance, hardware and software upgrade to enhance the ability to detect targets, especially those with low radar reflectivity of an object (such as missiles, stealth coating objects), to enhance electronic counter-system against today’s threats, radar reliability and maintainability (R & M) with built-in control panel, embedded test and repair equipment to the panel reached.

upgrade to increase the use of Doppler pulse compression wave data sampling rate, processing range, speed resolution and reduce the completion time signals, new signal processing algorithms to enhance sensitivity and clearly determine the scope, but also to enhance the radar set and monitoring. (RSIP) is a multi-faceted program progress by leaps and bounds, in order to more long-range detection and tracking smaller objects, like to the radar with a telescope. Enhance the reliability and maintainability of the radar hardware can reduce the number of spare parts and repair time. Control and processing algorithms can prevent the enemy fighting power system or deception to counter false targets.

the U.S. military in fiscal year 2004 to complete the upgrade, France, completed in 2005.

E-3 airborne early warning aircraft performance data