Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

Data Chart: Korean War battlefield smoke

This article originally contained in the century style

August 6, 1945, 9 large-scale U.S. military bomber in Hiroshima, Japan Nagasaki a newly developed atomic bomb mushroom cloud rising over the two places, lingering, hundreds of thousands of residents of the tragic to its victims, which is a nuclear first strike in the history of mankind. The atomic bomb of enormous lethality and deterrence, to show to the world. During the Korean War, the United States attempt to old tricks, repeatedly plotting to use nuclear weapons against Chinese nuclear blackmail, nuclear war is imminent.

Truman:

, we have been actively considering the use of atomic bombs

June 25, 1950, the outbreak of the Korean Civil War. Subsequently, the United States has put together 16 countries of the so-called “UN troops”, any MacArthur commander in chief by the Inchon landing, brazenly invade the DPRK, and soon crossed the 38th parallel and war to the Yalu River. Order to fight against the U.S. imperialist aggression, support the just cause of the people of North Korea, October 19, 6 Jun 18 divisions of the Chinese People’s Volunteers soldiers valiant went to the Korean battlefield. After a month of fighting, the Volunteers crushed the MacArthur “home for Christmas,” the clamor of the United Nations military casualties reached 3.4 million people, forced to withdraw to military demarcation line near the Yalu River.

Chinese People’s Volunteers, large-scale wage war and the U.S. military defeat, caused shock and panic. Panic, Truman throws his last “trump card” — the atomic bomb.

atomic bomb Americans in the hands of an important deterrent weapon. As early as mid-July 1950, the U.S. State Department Policy Planning Board, a research report suggested that if China or the Soviet Army in the Korean war, the United States should use the atomic bomb, and that this can be a decisive military victory. November 20th, the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff recommended that the implementation of a nuclear strike target should initiate a study on North Korea, northeast China, as well as inland, they believe that if China is going all out to intervene, then use the atomic bomb was necessary. At the same time, U.S. authorities may use the problem of the number of the atomic bomb, target areas and the use of time and transport mode. Of course, these are conducted in secret.

Pentagon in secret discussions to use the atomic bomb, Truman was inadvertently leaked the “secret”.

November 30, 2009, Truman participated in a press conference, the following Q & A:

Reporter: Mr. President, you have events in North Korea’s plan to how to deal with?

Truman: As always, we will take whatever steps are necessary to meet the military situation.

Reporter: Does that include the use of the atomic bomb?

Truman: we have any weapons.

Reporter: Mr. President, you said “we have any weapons” Does that mean being actively consider the use of the atomic bomb?

Truman: We have been actively considering the use of atomic bombs, but I do not want to use the atomic bomb, it is a terrible weapon, and should not be used against innocent men, women and children … but the atomic bomb once used, this situation can not be avoided.

Truman, then the reporters are shocked, an Associated Press reporter quickly asked: Mr. President, you are actively considering the use of atomic bombs, we clearly understand what you mean it?

Truman: We have been actively considered. This is a weapon.

Reporter: Mr. President, whether this means that used to strike military objectives or civilian —

Truman (interrupted): That was the military personnel will have to decide the matter. I am not the approval of the military authority in these matters.

other reporters a few questions and went back to the topic of the atomic bomb.

Reporter: Mr. President, you just say that this depends on the actions of the United Nations. This is not means that unless the United Nations mandate, otherwise we will not be able to use the atomic bomb?

Truman: No, absolutely not the kind of meaning. Depends on the actions of the Communist Party of China United Nations action. Military commanders on the battlefield will change the use of weapons, as he used to do.

Truman conversation

, the United States consider the use of the atomic bomb “in the title, quickly spread throughout all corners of the world, causing the consternation of its allies.

the afternoon, the representative of the Netherlands in Geneva, the tears in my eyes “and asked the French ambassador to the UN have a chance to avoid war. Other Western ambassadors also extremely shocked, frantically called to ask details to the U.S. Embassy. London, Paris, Rome, Vienna’s major newspapers have condemned the United States attempted to expand the war, and without prior consultation with its allies to make such a major decision expresses strong dissatisfaction.

journalists R. M. Potter has thus commented: “With the Communist intervention was confirmed, the souls of the third world war revival of the Soviet Union in order to hinder the rearmament of Western Europe, has the United States the introduction of the terrible war of attrition with China. powerful and lack of preparedness, the United States, in order to focus necessary to defeat the North Korean army troops, widely solicited, loaded with troops sent to Korea, but there is a new enemy, the United States must war is caught have set a good trap, right? panic, and angry with the army of millions of Chinese. Therefore, it is not there is no such view, that the atomic bomb can not be used, but necessary. However, the Western European countries that Moscow will persuade the Chinese side have not real fantasy side began to worry that the United States will provoke China to the world involved in atomic war? “

the most intense response, the United Kingdom. About 100 Labour MPs in London, jointly sent a letter to Prime Minister Attlee and oppose the use of nuclear weapons under any circumstances. British Chiefs of Staff meeting also call the “United Nations forces” Commander-in-Chief Douglas MacArthur: “In our view, the use of atomic bombs in Korea, not only can not effectively prevent the advance of the Chinese army, and will make the situation worse, the Soviet Air Force will not to participate in the fighting. “

Attlee had announced an emergency cabinet meeting will go to Washington, met with Truman. Prior to departure, the Attlee also visit to Britain, the French Prime Minister exchange of views, both sides agreed: should prevent the United States to expand the war into China.

under pressure from all sides, and finally, Truman was forced to an official statement “not to use the atomic bomb, public opinion was largely calm.

MacArthur: It is recommended that does not discourage U.S. military

Attlee’s visit to the color of the Chinese people look at the “throwing 20-30 atomic bomb

stance. A variety of right-wing of the most arrogant and fanatical “United Nations military commander in chief of MacArthur, the U.S. government, such as Symington, the heads of the National Security Resources Board and the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission on behalf of Bharuch, as well as four U.S. veterans’ organizations, the leadership forces, almost all standing on the side of the MacArthur actively advocate the use of the atomic bomb, the implementation of a nuclear attack, the DPRK army. Was president of the United States Military Academy at West Point, World War II period with a hero MacArthur in the Korean War Peng hit anything, naturally angry, and tried to save face, always wanted to expand the war into China, the Korean War, the evolution of Sino-US war.

MacArthur attribute the failure of the offensive to Washington for his “war unprecedented in the history of the restrictions. He insisted that the United States in order to achieve victory, it must: (1) blockade the China coast; (2) the use of Navy and Air Force bombing of the Chinese war industrial capacity; (3) of the Kuomintang troops in Korea; (4) revocation plus restrictions, the KMT army to guide it to counterattack mainland China forces weak to do to contain the action.

MacArthur even arrogantly suggest, throwing 20-30 atomic bombing of China along the Yalu River in China and the DPRK to set up a radioactive zone. He believes that these actions would seriously weaken the ability of more than offset China’s war, which not only ensure a victory in Korea, but also to save Asia from the disaster it faces, otherwise, it will in the political have serious consequences and militarily.

a U.S. never publicly acknowledged Confidential, declassified after the war the U.S. Army archives proved that the matter: the end of 1950, MacArthur had to submit a hysteresis target list, he estimated at 26 atomic bombs, including four atomic bomb bombing “enemy offensive force with four atomic bomb attack on an important staging ground for the enemy air force.

MacArthur’s own way once again aroused the United Kingdom and other allies worried about the outbreak of World War III is capable of producing an atomic bomb, the Soviet Union was also lodged a strong protest, “bomb bomb retaliate available. Truman had to personally stop MacArthur’s adventure act.

January 15, 1951, U.S. Far East Air Force commander, Air Force Major General Aotangnaier removal. Aotangnaier is a public supporter of the atomic bombing of MacArthur. He confirmed to reporters that the second-guessing, Tokyo strategic bombing of the headquarters had to plan the implementation of the atomic bombings in the heart of the “enemy”, just “we did not get permission.

Aotangnaier be removed from office, Secretary of the Air Force proposed to redevelop the Air Force, and its purpose is to make the Air Force Chief of Staff in Washington to be able to “command” rather than just “supervision” in the front-line combat troops. Anyone who can see, we know that the Secretary of the Air Force’s motion for MacArthur. Sharply pointed out: As the Associated Press Secretary of the Air Force does not say, but there is no doubt that one of the requirements of the Air Force reconstruction is to have last-minute decision on the application of the atomic bomb in Washington. If equipped with an atomic bomb aircraft has taken off in the distant Air Force Base, it can also considers it to stop unnecessary.

However, Truman still make MacArthur quiet. MacArthur is not only still casually Bianxiang the press talking about the atomic bomb, the more serious, in March 1951, when the Truman administration was carefully planned to resolve the North Korean issue through negotiations, MacArthur first published aimed to thwart this effort public statement of the vaunted U.S. economic and military strength, China and Korea, a new military intimidation.

Truman unbearable, no choice but to feel that in addition to the lifting of the duties of the MacArthur. April 11, 1951, Truman held a press conference, announced the lifting of the “commander in chief of the Far East Army Commander-in-Chief Douglas MacArthur and the United Nations military and other staff.

Eisenhower: You can test the effectiveness of the atomic bomb

1952 U.S. presidential election year, the United States launched the Korean war has been two years. Two years, the U.S. suffered a heavy blow. U.S. consumption in the year of troops and supplies in Korea than they consume in a year of World War II more than doubled. Its material consumption and monthly average of 850,000 tons, almost the equivalent of U.S. assistance to NATO a year and a half the number. Have been the focus of U.S. global strategy in Europe, but it in the Korean war mobilized 1/3 of all Army, Air Force 1/5, 1/2 of the Navy, also mobilized Britain, France and other countries as part of the army by the entry DPRK when 420,000 to 690,000. This strategy is misplaced priorities upside down. Even so, still feel the shortage of troops. Beyond the Korean troop surge has been very difficult. Britain, France and other countries are more reluctant to go down to the North Korean troop surge. United States to pay the price so great, very slim victory, peace talks does not appear to want. This aroused strong dissatisfaction of the people of the United States, anti-war, war weariness growing. U.S. Republican presidential candidate Dwight D. Eisenhower took the opportunity to seize the North Korean issue to attack the Truman administration of the Democratic Party.

in October in 1952, Eisenhower in Detroit speech, claiming that if he is elected President will personally go to Korea to seek a solution to the conflict. He later promised: “As long as there is a U.S. soldier in Korea face of enemy fire, then, the glorious end the Korean War, to find a decent world peace, we must first of the new government, the urgent and unwavering The goal is relying on these attractive guarantee Eisenhower eventually won the presidential election.

but later returned to the U.S. from Korea, Eisenhower, attitudes, once a major shift. He claimed in a press conference held on December 14, 1952: “we are facing an enemy we can not expect to impress it with words, whether words how pleasantly, but only with action — the implementation of the action in the case of our own choosing. “

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