Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

Data Figure: X-51 hypersonic test machine

Recently, the U.S. military successfully test-fired a hypersonic missile. As the Pentagon “rapid global strike systems,” an important component of future U.S. military is increasingly becoming the cornerstone of strategic forces, the relevant trends of concern. See Science and Technology Daily special Zhuangao –

It is understood that this hypersonic missile test by the U.S. Army is responsible for the missile from the Pacific island of Kauai in Hawaii test site was launched, the target is located in the Army about 2,500 miles southwest of Hawaii, Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands, the Reagan test site. Although the U.S. Defense Department spokesman Lt. Col. Melinda Morgan claimed that the U.S. military hypersonic missile flight test of the main purpose is only to collect “aerodynamics, navigation, and thermal protection technology,” the relevant data. However, given the Pentagon in recent years of new air and space operations forces attach great importance to the U.S. military space operations and command structure of the reform and reorganization, the hypersonic missile successfully test-fired, naturally triggered a global vision of the future U.S. military war speculation and attention.

then, from the “Falcon” to “arc” the U.S. military hypersonic weapons and progress? “An hour precision strike world” is true or false? When the real hypersonic weapons on the battlefield, the future nuclear deterrent power will go from here?

from the “Falcon” to “arc”

U.S. hypersonic weapons are mainly from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in the driving force behind of. As a U.S. Department of Defense R & D institutions under, DARPA’s mission is “to maintain America’s technological leadership, to prevent potential adversaries beyond the unexpected.” With the demand for an independent assessment of the harvest of the high sensitivity of cutting-edge technology, supported by scientific management, efficient and rigorous assessment of the actuator mechanism, over the years, DARPA locked many high-risk, high-value, high-yield projects , always focus on the exploration of the future, hatched many cutting-edge technology projects.

especially in the past 10 years, DARPA combined the military services, in the hypersonic weapons development, the continuous introduction of a number of plans to seize the future war for the U.S. military “high ground” technical reserves.

Specifically, as early as 2004, in the United States after the identification of new nuclear strategy, DARPA immediately launched a project called “Falcon” (FALCON) program designed to launch from the United States The rapid global development and verification of weapons against space-related technologies. The program consists of three parts: One is low-cost, timely response to a small launch vehicle (SLV); the other is reusable hypersonic cruise vehicle (HCV); The third is a universal space vehicle (CAV) program . Later, the program was renamed “Hypersonic Technology Vehicle” (HTV) project, DARPA launched the HTV-1, HTV-2 and HTV-3X series of plans and programs. In view of HTV-1 and HTV-3X program has been withdrawn due to technical reasons, therefore, HTV-2 a “hypersonic technology vehicles,” the only remaining prototype program.

2010 年 4 月 22 日, HTV-2 from Vandenberg Air Force Base launched a first flight test. About 9 minutes after the flight, HTV-2 lost contact with the ground, flight test failures, DARPA is only a part of the collected test data. After the cause of the accident investigation, DARPA spokesman claimed: “In the second half of 2011 again, HTV-2 flight, the engineers will adjust the aircraft’s center of gravity, and reaction control system to enhance the use of aircraft flap control.” At the same time, DARPA plans to build a new “rapid global strike conventional forces”, and prepare equipment for a variety of new strategic long-range conventional weapons. July 2010, DARPA launched the performance of more advanced “arc” long-range hypersonic missiles.

is envisaged that this new system mainly consists of long-range strike missile booster and hypersonic glide vehicle composed of two parts, in essence, long-range hypersonic missiles. The use of active missile booster “Standard -3″ (SM-3) missile boosters, and hypersonic gliders can carry a payload of 500-1000 kg, in 30 minutes outside of 3800 km time-sensitive targets in combat. Open from DARPA tactical and technical performance parameters related not difficult to see, “arc” missile is America’s future, “the world’s fastest combat system,” an important part of good performance with stealth, combat distance, flight speed, large payload, self-protection strong series of advantages.

one hour precision strike, global

of course, in addition to “arc” unplanned, DARPA for the realization of “one-hour global precision strike” concept, also perform a range of other hypersonic missile project. There are hypersonic vehicle demonstration program (HyFly), free-flying scramjet test atmosphere technology (FASTT) program and the X-51 “by Yu-wave” project. These flying faster than Mach 5 hypersonic weapons program, its key technologies, including engine technology, fuel technology, materials technology and overall design technology.

which hypersonic vehicle demonstration program (HyFly) chaired by the U.S. Navy, DARPA and Boeing to take part. According to the U.S. Department of Defense’s vision of the program and the Air Force’s X-51 “by Yu-wave” project will be from ships, submarines or aircraft launched the next generation hypersonic missile programs. Hypersonic missile propulsion system with ammunition by the Air Force’s F-15 fighter bombers or any other type of emission, F-22A, F-35 and the Navy’s F/A-18 will also be equipped with ammunition hypersonic missile engine , its propulsion system to traditional propulsion ramjet technology and dual-chamber combination enables ammunition to Mach 6 flight 740-1100 km, weight not over 1135 kg bomb, at present, the project has conducted a number of test firing.

free atmosphere scramjet flight test techniques (FASTT) program by the U.S. ATK is responsible for the design and manufacture of aircraft, funded by the DARPA and the Office of Naval Research, mainly for scramjet engine technology validation. According to ATK announced in its recently completed a series of hypersonic engine test has been validated for hypersonic engine may include a variety of weapons and platforms, including aircraft. Test was conducted at NASA’s Langley Research Center, ATK designed using thermal throat ramjet combustor test equipment. In the test, ATK hypersonic combustion chamber with the liquid to complete more than 72-minute fire test.

X-51 “by Yu-wave” project hosted by the U.S. Air Force, DARPA, Boeing and Pratt & Whitney to take part, its R & D focus on scramjet engine, the flight speeds of up to Mach 6-7. According to the U.S. Senate National Defense Authorization Act, X-51 “Yu-waves are” joint project office responsible for the Department of Defense and other agencies of the total R & D coordination. Currently, the hypersonic weapon system still faces a series of development and testing challenges, the future will experience include warhead integration, platform integration, etc., series expansion of R & D challenges. Although, X-51A flight in this year’s second trial ended in failure, but not worthy of concern, after all, for the high-tech, this risk is very normal, it will distance more than a failure one step closer to success. The real concern is that people who, along with the growing U.S. military hypersonic weapons development, it is easy to infer, in the physical picture of the future war, the instantaneous destruction will become easy, and this will make the current nuclear deterrence between the major powers face serious challenges.

nuclear deterrent powers go

instantaneous physical war to get rid of anti-war environment is an inevitable trend. Strong scientific and technological progress, driven by the human mode of warfare, or successive, or both staggered, or severe fast, or slowly through a series of peaceful revolutionary change. One of the important context of these changes is that from the nature-centric warfare, after the machine-centric warfare, until the network-centric warfare. However, both times in the natural center of war, or war in the center of the machine age, human beings are faced with complex military struggle of the natural environmental constraints. Therefore, the instantaneous destruction will remain at the ideal stage. Only when the war actually enter the system, network-centric warfare, after the era of confrontation, with the rapid development of hypersonic weapons, instantaneous destruction becomes possible.

course, the U.S. military hypersonic weapons to the battlefield as well from a real need to overcome many technical difficulties, some of the relevant technology is still at an experimental stage, from the arms of the still relatively far away completely, but it revealed The murderous, or make the world peace-loving people shudder. Because, in the U.S. scenario, hypersonic space weapons, tactical nuclear weapons and ballistic missile defense program, “swords-one” “preemptive strike”, this is the American Way back in the picture of future wars.

that time, the U.S. missile defense system has been created to perform “Prompt Global Strike” mission hypersonic space weapons have been deployed. At this time, the strategic nuclear weapons, the original “mutually assured destruction” effect complete failure, the U.S. has a “pre-emptive” nuclear strike starting advantage, even though his country has nuclear weapons are no longer equal to get a “death-free card.” In this regard, the latest U.S. National Intelligence Council prepared by the “Global Trends 2025: transformation of the world,” the report mentions, “By 2025, despite the emergence of new nuclear power will restrict U.S. freedom of action, but because of the U.S. space weapons, tactics nuclear weapons, conventional weapons and missile defense capabilities enjoys military superiority, which is to deter any emerging nuclear countries to take aggressive action open is critical. “

this point, we can understand why in recent years, U.S. Department of Defense missile defense program spared no expense to the assiduous hypersonic space weapons, but also in the promotion of “world without nuclear weapons.” Clearly, the U.S. military has long been eyeing the space. According to the latest version of the U.S. “Nuclear Posture Report”, nuclear weapons in U.S. national security strategy in the “seat” to lower, is to create “post-nuclear era,” the new “trump card”, this new version in the United States, “Quadrennial Defense Review Report “also has been reflected. And on September 17 this year, the U.S. military affairs in charge of the new organization of space warfare – “Space Defense Council,” officially, although outside the Pentagon did not hype, but obviously it is continuing to secretly layout of the future space warfare. Because one from the organization perspective, the U.S. military services are responsible for the Command of space warfare, such as the Army Space and Missile Defense Command, the Navy’s Space Command, Air Force Space Command and the U.S. responsible for war-related space Strategic Command. The newly formed Space Defense Council, will be responsible for overall coordination between various departments in space, build a new “trinity” of deterrence strategy.

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