Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

data for: U.S. Navy announced Feb. 5, a new type of X-47B unmanned first test flight 4. This new type of unmanned aircraft flying 29 minutes, the maximum altitude of 1,500 meters.

Luwen Jiang Yu Chen

News Alert

Recently, the United States Navy ordered to look at reducing the F35-B and F35-C aircraft orders, the possibility, hoping to use the money saved to buy a new X-47B unmanned aircraft.

March of this year, the U.S. military used the aircraft carrier on the X-47B unmanned combat the successful first flight, on July 2, to further validate the U.S. Navy’s first carrier-based unmanned aerial vehicle launch and recovery system performance.

experts believe that U.S. Navy aircraft carrier battle groups equipped with unmanned combat aircraft, or to have a significant impact future operations.

U.S. unmanned fighters tortuous

early as 1963, the U.S. Navy is equipped with spiral force helicopter by the United States developed QH-50 no human anti-submarine helicopters, was called the “Fire Scout.” As the control of defects in the high accident rate, the U.S. Navy in 1970 canceled the continued development of QH-50 program and give up the use of UAVs in the carrier’s plans.

However, in the Vietnam War, the Air Force the use of “Firefly” theater unmanned aerial vehicles to perform dangerous reconnaissance missions, reducing casualties, prompting the Navy to reconsider some of the ship used in the fixed-wing unmanned reconnaissance aircraft .

1984, the U.S. Navy purchased the Israeli RQ-2 “Pioneer” UAV, equipped with the amphibious assault ship and the “Iowa” class battleships. In the 1991 Gulf War, “Desert Storm” combat operations, “Pioneer” well done gun fire correction, detection and early warning and other tasks, thus increasing the confidence in the U.S. Navy for carrier-based unmanned aerial vehicles.

In this context, the U.S. Navy in 2000 resurrected the one hand, “Fire Scout” unmanned helicopter project development, on the other hand start UCAV-N Advanced Technology Demonstration project.

2007, the norovirus has signed with the U.S. Navy developed unmanned X-47 stealth fighter contract, the total value of about $ 636 million.

X-47B is not only the first frame without human intervention, controlled entirely by computer “no tail, unmanned jet aircraft”, is the first aircraft to take off from aircraft carriers and stealth drop on their own bombers.

compared with U.S. all kinds of active fighters, X-47B aloft longer, take off from aircraft carriers, flying 2700 km and returned to the aircraft carrier. This will greatly enhance the aircraft’s reconnaissance capability, either the aircraft carrier battle groups in a more secure location, further inland can also be implemented to combat missions.

In addition, X-47B’s greatest advantage is stealth penetration. It has a very excellent radar and infrared low-observable, to ensure its ability to break through the enemy’s air defense circle, for follow-up of manned combat aircraft to open channels.

X-47B with the onboard sensor system to detect enemy missiles and the ability to identify ground targets, on-board computer with self-tracking, ability to attack the decision, it also has a unique way of communication and remote control with good stealth capability and battlefield survivability.

it will have a high level of combat systems in the 10,000 meters altitude cruise at high subsonic speeds, can carry loads weighing 1.814 tons of weapons to meet the requirements of the joint network operations for U.S. military execution of combat missions to provide all-weather combat support. The published picture to see the scene, the aircraft shape and the famous B-2 bomber similar to the stealth design with avant-garde.

Some analysts pointed out that the U.S. emphasis on the “air and maritime war” concept, X-47B is a pioneer before the attack; conventional aircraft due to lack of range, it is difficult in a safe distance off, and X -47B combat radius and with great stealth capabilities, rigorous in depth some of the defense to attack the coastal areas.

technological advances spawned no change

Navy Senior Colonel Li Jie Military Academic Research Institute believes that the level of carrier-based aircraft carrier is the main indicator of the level of weapons and equipment, in the foreseeable future, UAVs will be used and with more and more.

UAVs and manned aircraft, it has small size, low cost, easy to use, low requirements on the operational environment, the battlefield survival ability, etc., much favored by the military around the world. With the active UAV flying more and more time, more and more full-function, power is growing. UAV development is due to lead the aviation equipment, the rapid development of artificial intelligence techniques.

no payload technology is equipped with autonomous navigation to complete a specific task vehicles, including unmanned aircraft, unmanned ground vehicles, unmanned surface craft and unmanned submersible vehicles. With no technology has become more sophisticated, unmanned systems will significantly change the human way of life. The future, no human system will provide more services, such as human work, or provide interactive training, consulting and so on.

the development of unmanned aircraft is the most sophisticated unmanned technology. Early as a target drone, unmanned aerial vehicles for air, ground radar and fire to provide goals. Currently, the UAV tactical-level combat missions moving from the strategic level direction to the campaign extended model further miniaturization, intelligence and stealth, payload to the integrated, high-resolution, weather-oriented development, which will greatly enhance the UAV’s role in future wars. UAV development in the 21st century is the “golden period”, but in the short term UAV can not replace manned aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles as well as some “birth defects.”

UAV capability is poor, not “adaptable.” As the UAV mission requires people involved in remote control, limited capacity of its own operations, and thus the lack of some machines with the flexibility and adaptability. Although the UAV operator can remote control on the long-range missiles, but once entered, the close, the air began to fight, fighter pilots can easily shoot down “silly” UAV.

another UAV task effectiveness is low, due to the control personnel must understand the environment in which UAVs with long-distance communications, and this long-distance communication has been suppressed and interrupted at any time, not between man and machine resulting in timely and accurate exchange of information, affecting the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicles to complete the task.

military economic concerns

cost of training pilots is a great, high risk occupations, an ordinary Air Force fighter pilot from the school to success “solo”, it is from the time cost more than five years, during which constantly faces the risk of people out.

and carrier-based aircraft flying skills even more difficult, the world’s carrier-based pilots are selected from the active-duty fighter pilot “ace.” Technically, one needs tens of tons of aircraft carrier platform in the short takeoff and landing on the deck, in addition to relying on precise navigation and help to fly, block facilities, carrier-based aircraft landing technology is great for the flight test. Even if the training carrier pilots and mature technology, developed countries, to develop a carrier-based pilots consumption funds often better than a several hundred million dollars in aircraft cheaper, the time-consuming to count years.

long low-flying long-range attack likely to cause pilot fatigue thereby reducing the combat effectiveness of manned aircraft, to pay a considerable loss of life costs. Since no one has a good stealth attack aircraft performance, large carrying capacity and low altitude long-range weapons, ability to fly, even if the combat mission will not fail to bring the pilot casualties, the military will be invisible in the economic efficiency several times.

U.S. regulations, a naval air force pilots, each time off up to 10 hours. In contrast, X-47B can be realized all-weather track, monitor and targets, without regard to the pilot’s physical endurance, sustained combat aircraft several times higher than the traditional time. In the past, only experienced pilots to take off and land on aircraft carriers on safety, X-47B service, not only because of human error is expected to reduce the risk of leading to accidents, but also eliminates the cumbersome expensive pilot training.

future air combat, the most likely model is that with the use of UAVs and manned aircraft. UAVs and manned aircraft than it can perform more dangerous and longer flight time task. Compared with the missiles, UAVs advantage is reflected in its operational flexibility. Once launched the missile out of its flight can not stop or change its mandate, and the process of UAVs in combat is still controllable.

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carrier takeoff and landing UAV

by design and to divide the airfoil, rotary-wing UAV can be divided into two major categories of unmanned aerial vehicles and fixed-wing UAV. Rotary-wing UAV helicopter can be divided into the traditional type, tilt-rotor coaxial dual-rotor type and type and other types.

Currently, most carrier-based fixed-wing UAV catapult to take off take-off mode. This catapult take-off approach, while much simpler than it was confidential, but after all, to occupy a certain space, the use of certain facilities and equipment.

fixed-wing UAV bigger problem is that it’s complicated recycling process. Currently popular method is: hit the net recovery, salvage recovery and recycling use of the air arm. Hit the net recovery, ie install the nylon rope in the ship will slow down low-flying fixed-wing UAV Douzhu; salvage recovery, that the use of aircraft parachute landing in the sea near the ship, and then the salvage back.

especially rotary-wing UAV unmanned coaxial dual-rotor biggest advantage is its small size, light weight, easy to take off and land, maintenance and simple operation. Dual coaxial rotor UAVs in general body size is small, lightweight, small rotor diameter, not much equipment required for landing.

In addition, the co-axial double-rotor UAV is no tail rotor, tail boom does not need a long, easy to ship in limited space on the landing and parking; the same time because the body parts can be compactly arranged in helicopter center of gravity, so the flight stability, ease of operation, the control efficiency than the single-rotor with tail rotor UAV control and high efficiency.

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