Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

made two-seat Su-27 attack fighter fleet exercises
Canadian Army’s main battle tank Leopard IIA6M is made for specific needs the cottage improvements, but this improvement may not be the manufacturers standard promotion
U.S. military anti-mine vehicle is specially modified

statement: This article as “weapons of knowledge” magazine for “Sina military “sole manuscript. Without permission, please do not reprint.

(continued yesterday) Song: I return to the amphibious landing and Marine Corps equipment in the cottage effect. A time of war, belligerents not standard amphibious ships. British landing in the Dardanelles to rely on a small rowboat. Turkish army a counterattack. Loss of a great beach. World War II, an inventor in the United States, the cottage of the barge, designed to open the front door, the door down when landing after a springboard to the final of this invention is rampant, the U.S. military to use the full range of amphibious landing ships, including infantry landing craft (LCI), mechanized landing craft (LCM), tank landing craft (LCT), tank landing ships (kST). Rely on the perfect amphibious ships, the U.S. across the Pacific. Amphibious landing conducted hundreds of times, greatly reducing casualties and achieved victory.

in mind: the amphibious aspects of what?

Song: To the water tank, or heavy sink to the bottom, or diesel engine without oxygen on the flame, must be reformed. One is to install 3-meter tube, can be on the river road. Another altogether designed to float on the water like a boat, like sea-crossing.

Navy, the early mines floating powder keg is completely cottage products. After a trial and with percussion fuses, lightning and set deep anchor device, and finally became standard equipment, harbor and coastal defense has become a powerful weapon.

submarines, the submarines are by early human underwater navigation, the American Civil War Northern army had sunk cruiser hit record, but the boat itself, Shen lost. After decades, the submarine has been intermittent improvement, not stereotypes. Do not have combat capability. Until 1897 the United States, “Holland” was completed, with the single-shell metal structure, command sets sail, gasoline and battery, torpedo tubes and torpedoes, submarines before the end of the cottage stage.

after the invention of the torpedo, the Navy soon realized that it was an important naval weapon, which attacked from the underwater hull. Lethal lethal. But it was only in the torpedo tubes installed on the cruiser. Can cruiser mainly by artillery fire, artillery range was greater than the torpedo range. Implementation of the torpedo attack is very inconvenient. Torpedo boat appears a big threat. So the low-end version of the cruiser cottage – destroyers appeared. Torpedo boat destroyers in order to expel the main, it was found that a wide range of uses, so when it is finalized after the process began cottage, with its basic function is more focused on anti-submarine frigates and smaller tonnages there. The use of PT boats, torpedo attack, had a new ship class. Early PT boat or a cottage actual product. Because of its low speed, anti-wave of the poor, did not produce combat capability, until World War II. Installed a high-power diesel engine torpedo boat have a success. Later missile torpedo boats can also be said to be high-end cottage. It can attack a large ship, and the victories prominent.

submarine is formed, it is the next development stage and entered the cottage, cruise missile submarines to submarines as a water launch platform. In 1958 the United States, “Gray Whale” submarine be modified to increase the boat in the bow cabin placed in a range of 800 km “regulus”-I cruise missile. There are a lot of problems because cruise missile, cruise missile submarines, it has been in the cottage stage, until the emergence of cruise missiles and long-range anti-ship missiles.

strategic missile submarine is towed in the sea by the German submarine V-2 missile launchers inspired, if the ballistic missiles on submarines, will have hidden strategic strike force. At that time the submarine can not be loaded for ballistic missiles, not enough time to completely re-designed and manufactured. So the U.S. Navy to design a cottage version of the ‘construction of the “mile fish” cut the hull. Put into the tank 40 meters missiles, missile arranged in two rows, then a few levels of this arrangement has become a model for all strategic submarines.

in mind: the war cottage is equipped with multiple birth, there is a clear military needs, mainly highlighting practical. So how in times of peace cottage equipment came out?

King: cottage in times of peace and war because weapons came out a little more complicated than in the period, in addition to technical ability to reason, there are economic factors and daily training reasons. Economic factors, the ability of equipment development in developing countries can not match with the industrial powers, when there is a high performance classic weapons, due to expensive, can not be purchased in bulk, so they start with the origin of a small amount to buy some, then for a large number of clones, imitation, although performance on some lower than the original product, but also cost-effective. In fact, the cottage weapons in developing countries still have great market demand.

to improve training efficiency, saving training costs and the invention of the cottage are also many weapons, such as anti-aircraft fire training, hit the target aircraft, model aircraft are generally, if the cost is too expensive to use live ammunition. Was tied to the squad machine gun barrel, and to simulate machine gun bullets fired by artillery firing, which is a cottage approach. Another example is the 1980s. Soviet Mi-8 helicopter (when m-8 series engines are not equipped with altitude) in the highlands of Afghanistan mission, due to the high altitude, high temperature, air density decreases, resulting in lack of engine power, the Soviet soldiers in front of the engine inlet linked to a water tank, through the air inlet to increase the density of water, said the results were good.

peacetime weapons not just by the cottage industry developed, many of the rank and file the results of technological innovation, it is worth attention. Because most familiar with weapons and equipment than those soldiers in daily life, their environment in the use of weapons, people and weapons with other aspects of experience, is a weapon designers can not really understand, so they do out of the cottage weapons has a unique charm. If you can see the “forces of technological innovations exhibition, there will be a different kind of feeling.

Also, I do not agree to significant improvements in weaponry, modified the scope of products included in the cottage. like China also produces aircraft SU-27 series, the production of Su-27 aircraft in performance compared with the prototype has been greatly improved, more suitable to our operational environment, which should not be regarded as cottage products, but the introduction and assimilation re-innovation achievements.

in mind: to talk in front of the cottage weapons, here to talk about the cottage thinking. cottage is full of smart thinking, but it will become the mainstream of the development of weapons design?

king: the ancient and modern cottage sum thinking is valuable, but it also has significant limitations. cottage without the original product, are the original products based on the re-development , re-creation. no original products just do not care “cottage.” originality is a poor cottage thought the biggest drawback.

industry in the field of innovation, usually refers to proprietary, unique core In this technology, and new products based on the value of the process. innovation, including the original innovation, integrated innovation and the introduction of digestion and absorption, three forms of so-called original innovation is unprecedented major scientific discoveries, technological inventions, works of leading technology and other innovations. original innovation is the most fundamental innovation is the best embodies the wisdom of the innovation, is a national contribution to human civilization and progress of an important manifestation. cottage innovative thinking that are hosted by more integrated innovation and the introduction of digestion is re-innovation, original and innovative element deficiencies, therefore, the evaluation of the cottage should not be thinking too much, although it weapons development process can have a tremendous role and important role, but should not become the mainstream of design weaponry.

cottage weapons can not be mainstream, but also because some of its inherent flaws. First, reliability cottage product has changed the structure of the original product technology system. no reliable test. Second, the compatibility of the original cottage design, plus weapon one by one, and not through trial and error as the original products, machinery, electromagnetic compatibility how? third is maintenance. a piece of something new, parts supply will be a problem, and security and life will deteriorate.

mind: but the soldiers themselves some of the cottage improvements, certainly shows the inadequacy of the original product. So why can not this improve the regularization?

King : the pursuit of common product manufacturers. special case of the operational environment and special purposes. soldiers will make improvements, such improvements may not fit all situations, such as self-defense in wartime, soldiers will have two 56 assault rifle magazines are tied In a so-for the magazine when a hand put down, although reasonable, but are not necessary to do so.

ordnance in China started from the cottage, but not the total holding cottage thinking. war when liberated into pieces produced by mines often only two three, so who bombed vain. Huangtuling of the war, the Eighth Route Army seized several Japanese mountain guns, not move he wanted to destroy the results fitted their soil explosives, thought the gun is very strong in Japan, just blow out a few white printing, can only be buried in a pit and later the Japanese unfinished gun to poach again. after all, has its limitations cottage products.

Song: Western and Chinese thinking specialization comprehensive thinking and innovative practices led to two different Western kitchen is a microcosm of the industry and thinking: a knife and fork and taste. baked bread with toaster, There peeling peeling machine to have to shell egg machine stir eggs with egg beater before the machine … China is different on a frying pan, a knife, a pair of chopsticks, all dealt with later Chinese people also use these professional tools, but it is a reference to imitate nature. westerners into their products in the future are expected to be someone else cottage. simply on the level of functionality and performance in each cottage reserved for the transformation of space, this is the module technology from Computer DIY until MEKO ships. there were not a manifestation of this idea. westerners this habit has been formed: one based on the platform, according to different functions derived from different products, these derivatives can be called “Western-style cottage of innovation “.

such as artillery shells also have a cottage stage from the early stone shells, solid iron play evolved to blast bombs. shells inside the head becomes something you can install a variety of attacks on the autonomy of the platform, such as blasting grenades, incendiary, armor-piercing ammunition, smoke bombs, gas bombs, propaganda bombs, etc. Many of imagination that people can get the shells on the platform to play and later a missile warhead is also known as “the first high-end cottage shells version “.

West direction and these products are not innovative cottage has a meaning, usefulness of the marginalized, high-value will continue to develop, and China’s cottage subversive ideas has never been done innovation. but to see what creative direction for the West and its products valuable, the direct introduction of generic so the idea is to avoid the waste of some of the original Western. Examples of this are everywhere. like the TV industry in LCD, plasma, to the ship on the phased array radar. which belongs to the Chinese original? nature does not belong to the cottage of the Chinese people imitate what. even the hottest province in recent years, a certain entertainment, which is also the U.S. entertainment TV shows Why imitate cottage in short the concept of the Chinese people, one said, “cottage” and must have a reference or a reference to the background while on a platform to carry out different functions according to a Western-style system to promote innovation in the Chinese do not see a “cottage” category. (end text)