Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

data for: King Japan Maritime Self Defense Force destroyer launched SM-3 anti-missile interceptor missiles in accordance with Japan’s Defense Agency plans

Japanese missile defense system will be phased construction, completed in early 2007 The first missile defense system in 2011 to complete the construction of the entire system. Japanese version of MD (missile defense) will be a two-tier missile defense system, which consists of sea-based interceptors and ground-based mid-altitude interception system of two parts. “Sea-based theater-wide missile defense system” is responsible for off the coast of Japan over the defense, responsible for middle and boost phase intercept missiles, and strive to destroy incoming missiles outside the atmosphere. By blocking the transmission of information will fail to lower interception system, and then by the “Patriot” air defense missile system to destroy.

sea-based missile defense system is based on the “Aegis” system as the foundation established to provide a range of 3,500 km, the short-range ballistic missile defense. “Aegis” system is the United States in the 1980s began to equip a carrier-based air and missile defense combat systems. Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force from 1992 to 1998 respectively with a 4 called the world’s most advanced “Aegis” destroyers.

formed in fiscal year 2010 in order to achieve its own missile defense system in Japan, Japan Defense Agency plans to all of the existing 4 “Aegis” destroyers be modified to improve its overall combat effectiveness; addition will also buy 2 New Aegis guided missile destroyer ship. Modified “Aegis” destroyer combat capability will be increased dramatically: a new missile defense system is equipped with two to intercept short-and medium-range ballistic missiles, new radar system will allow the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force to “see” farther, ship will be equipped with SM-3 air defense missiles.

land-based missile defense system by the “Patriot” missiles to intercept network consisting of low-level. Currently there are 120 Japanese Self-Defense Forces “Patriot II” missile launchers, composed of six anti-aircraft missile base. Plans to introduce 27 sets by 2008, “Patriot” air missile defense system based on the Japanese archipelago to focus fortification. Japan’s Defense Agency said, according to the urgency of the situation to set different levels of alert degrees, to the metropolitan area and other urban groups and tactical base for the center, “Aegis” ships and “Patriot” missiles to double defense.

Japanese government plans by the Japanese companies with U.S. military enterprises signed cooperation agreements from the U.S. introduction of technology and components from Japanese military enterprises in the domestic production of PAC-3 ballistic missile defense system. Japan Defense Agency believes that access to production technology from the U.S. domestic production in Japan, although the direct import from the United States than the price of finished goods is much higher, but the introduction of technology can foster their own production and to improve Japan’s defense industry, military equipment and technical level, has important strategic significance .

Japan is also the introduction of the SM-3 and two kinds of Patriot PAC-3 ballistic missile defense system, there are three main reasons.

First, these two systems technology is more mature. In 2002, the United States for the SM-3 interceptor missiles have carried out three intercept flight tests were successful. Then U.S. President George W. Bush announced in December, the United States in 2004 to 2005 to deploy a limited missile defense capabilities, including three “Aegis” warships deployed 20 SM-3 interceptor missiles. The Patriot PAC-3 system is already in the 2001 U.S. Army troops and equipment, and actual use in the Iraq war, has achieved some success. The THAAD missile intercept systems such as the development is still not yet mature, but no actual deployment.

Second, existing infrastructure and technology. In the sea-based midcourse defense, Japan has since 1999 co-operation with the United States SM-3 interceptor missiles development of key technologies, already has four “Aegis” ships, is also preparing to introduce two from the United States, “Aegis” warships, as the SM-3 missile launch platform. In the Patriot PAC-3 missile system, Japan already has 24 fire units of Patriot PAC-2 system, you can upgrade to the improved Patriot PAC-3 system, easy to save money and improve the combat effectiveness of existing forces.

Third, in Japan’s needs. Japan’s ultimate goal is to protect the Japanese to build a national missile defense system. Given the specific geographical environment in Japan, with deployments in the SM-3 interceptor missiles at sea, to protect the medium-range ballistic missile attack against Japan; SM-3 interceptor missile failed to intercept a small number of ballistic missiles to live, you can use the Patriot PAC-3 interceptor missiles to intercept the final form the multi-layered defense system. In addition, Patriot PAC-3 interceptor missile can also be used to protect Japan’s key objectives, defense aircraft and cruise missile attacks.

the middle of the U.S. sea-based interceptor system developed primarily for the protection of overseas military bases, troops and overseas allies theater purposes. As the sea-based interceptor system deployed in the middle of Aegis destroyers, and can be very convenient for rapid worldwide deployment, it can be the first time into the vanguard of providing theater ballistic missile defense for the support, thereby reducing the threat of enemy missiles. But also because it is mobile and interceptor system deployed, so the U.S. can be equipped with SM-3 interceptor missile destroyer deployed to the country’s territorial waters near the enemy, an enemy missile in the boost phase when it is still in the intercept, so that the intercepted missiles crashed in its own territory, avoid carrying nuclear, biological warhead into the target country.

sea-based midcourse defense system in the “Navy Area Defense” (NAD) system, based on renovation and new development through a combination of formation. Mainly by the newly developed SM-3 interceptor missile, AN/SPY-1E (AN/SPY-2) radar or a newly developed high-power identification (HPD) radar, as well as improving the “Aegis” combat system and other accessories. SM-3 missile is the use of “outside the atmosphere light projectiles” (LEAP) kinetic kill interceptor warhead, a new nose cone and dual-thrust rocket engine installation of the first 3 to SM-2block IVA on the composition. The newly developed Level 3 has two functions: to provide additional speed and reduce the distance error, so that the kinetic warhead to intercept the target; the use of uplinks to provide the target state of their own status and GPS-guided flight path correction, that correction plus instructions GPS-guided.

LEAP kinetic kill vehicle mass is only 18.5 kg, with 256 * 256 yuan longwave MCT focal plane arrays, tactical ballistic missiles for the capture distance of more than 300 kilometers, has a fully encrypted data downlink capacity, solid propulsion system and orbit control the last paragraph of attitude control capability than 3 km orbit. While KKV claims can intercept ballistic missiles from 300 km, but this resolution is not sufficient to identify the fake from its target, SMD, or to rely on radar guidance and target recognition for the middle, KKV only in the last 10 seconds of the end of the false target identification In the last seconds of maneuvering target collision. Here is the EKV interceptor THAAD system at a distance of 10 km, time 1.92 seconds shot hit the target picture, we can see is still not sufficient to target imaging, SM-3′s infrared guidance system does not have a better performance.

AN/SPY-1E radar detection and tracking of TBM to meet the needs of the major improvements and radar equipment, computer programs, allowing the work to a higher elevation, and can receive the three-dimensional DSP (Defense Support Program) Satellite data. To counter low-observable warheads, may use a special control program, a certain distance (ship to tilt the top away from the atmosphere) all echo filter, which can accept the return of the atmosphere outside the low-intensity echoes, enhance stealth target detection capability. In order to meet the needs of SMD second phase, respectively, in 1999 the U.S. Navy and Lockheed Martin and Raytheon signed a $ 120 million contract to develop high-power identification (HPD) radar. Raytheon Company under mature THAAD (THAAD) X-band ground-based radar for the Aegis cruiser add a secondary radar. The Lockheed Martin launched a new S/C-band radar program, known as the AN/SPY a 1E radar. According to the U.S. military SMD system block2010 planning, new radar will be with multi-target intercept capability, but from a practical perspective, even a new ship-borne radar power, resolution, beam width, it is also sea-based X-band radar with a great gap enough to simultaneously track multiple targets at long distance, incoming warheads in the case of the use of stealth technology in particular. Radar target return signal strength and distance is inversely proportional to the fourth power, 2 times the distance required to track the target 16 times the radar time resources. AN/SPY radar 1E required a multi-target interception, it may only be limited to close range, for example through the Aegis ballistic missile ship empty. Therefore, no further material evidence in the case of a temporary judge Aegis ship-to-long-range goals (linear distance of 200 km or more) do not have the ability to multi-target interception. ‘Aegis’ combat system will improve the display system and computer programs to enable the prediction point and the missile target intercept engagement borders, binding target for the interceptor missile data, ordered the launch interceptors, and interceptor missiles in flight to provide up instructions.

combat sea-based mid-course interception system is as follows:

1, radiation enemy ballistic missiles, the U.S. first use of early warning satellites to detect ballistic missile launches, missile launch early warning satellites to issue alarm, the signal is passed to the theater Joint Tactical Ground Station (JTAGS), Australia and the United States overseas ground stations along the mountain’s North American summer days, air defense Command, U.S. Space Command early warning centers, data fusion and processing come to the missile flight path three-dimensional space, determine the missile’s launch point and impact point, and these early warning information to the Aegis ship combat on the management and command and control systems.

2, Aegis warship battle management and command and control systems use satellites to provide early warning early warning information to guide AN/SPY-1E radar search, capture and track the target.

3, SPY-1 radar to track incoming ballistic missile target, and the detected information is sent to the battle management system, developed by its war plans for the SM-3 interceptor missile target binding interceptor missile launch data and issued the command.

4, SM-3 interceptor missile’s first stage booster rocket ignition, from the “Aegis” warships launched vertically; first stage booster rocket shut down after work about 9 seconds and the separation , the second stage booster rocket ignition, working about 40 seconds after the shutdown and separation of the interceptor missile outside the atmosphere to promote and achieve the desired speed; then, the third stage rocket launch.

5, three booster rocket is a two-pulse solid rocket work, the first ignition pulse for the first time, working time is about 10 seconds, then throw away the nose cone; followed by a second pulse ignition, Working time is approximately 10 seconds, and LEAP kinetic warhead seeker calibration.

6, the third stage rocket booster separation, LEAP kinetic warhead immediately with long-wave infrared seeker to detect, track, identify goals, determine the target point; in the guidance system under the control of self-seeking, Finally, through a direct collision intercept and destroy the target.

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