Military of China, force comment.
Military of China, force comment.

two participated in the war,” Eighth Route “Memories that year. Li Ziheng photo
major battle war diagram. Source: “China’s Anti-Japanese War History Atlas”
Chinese Anti-Japanese Allied contributions to the diagram. Zhuo draw

war left a precious legacy grown up

– visit to the war historian, Academy of Military Sciences Strategy Department researcher Peng Yulong

■ Reporters Wutian Min Cai Pengcheng

Western military historians, has called the Battle of Marathon is a “European-born cry.”

Mao Zedong’s “On Protracted War” in the prophecy: the liberation of the Chinese nation derived from the Sino-Japanese War.

war, history is always written with a blade, a mandatory felled the old rotten wood, and burned in the war on the land that gave birth to a new bud.

standing under the canopy of a new era, with the Chinese military’s eyes look back to the War, our belief that: the freedom to manage the war from the understanding of the war inevitable.

Thus, the military correspondent and military co-operation of such a war, scholars reflect on Dialogue, we dip the blood opened the file, with the inventory of war after war grown up military heritage … …

strategic plan, “the war of one-time flash”, once used to show the outcome of a war, leaving the history or glory or disaster

Reporter: War is a great little power against the weak. This particular battle, no doubt vital to determine the strategy. Can make an idea, if I had not adopted the strategy of protracted people’s war and the war would that be different?

Peng Yulong: Looking back on Sino-Japanese War, the “most dangerous when the Chinese nation,” represented by Mao Zedong’s Chinese communists advocated a protracted war and the people’s war strategy to save the nation from peril and made immortal contribution. We can see, Songhu battle, despite the position of the Chinese military oath and survival at the expense of consumption of amazing: Joseph 20 a military division to a division each day to the front, and some division on the firing line after three hours at the expense of half of the Some support for five hours, at the expense of two-thirds of … … This shows that, of course, against a stronger enemy is losing the battle Songhu objective reasons, but the subjective reason is the initial resistance of Nanjing national government attempts to rely solely on the military and foreign aid “quick victory” strategic error. If, as such a recklessly take a decisive battle continues, China’s national defense elite forces will soon be exhausted, it is impossible then the northwest, southwest of the half. Speed ??battle quick victory, which is the Japanese want to see results. Fortunately, we did not follow the rules of the game to play it. This is the essence of asymmetric warfare strategy – you hit you, and I beat me.

Reporter: Speaking of Songhu battle, scholars in Taiwan have a view that the campaign succeeded in reversing the Japanese attack on the “axis”, that is, from north to south by the play of “dive” into from east to west to fight the “Yang Gong”, so as to make “lasting war of attrition” can be achieved. Are you in favor of this view?

Peng Yulong: Songhu battle from the objective, causing the Japanese “from east to west fight” situation, but there is no historical proof of the KMT government before the start of the campaign have so-called “reverse axial Japanese attack.” strategic vision. Even so, the KMT relying solely on government, military and foreign aid a “lasting war of attrition” is not supported, post-war Nationalist army Henan, Hunan, Guangxi debacle is proof. As a senior, said: strategic plan, “the war of one-time flash”, once used to show the outcome of a war, leaving the history or glory or disaster. History tells us that the one war: people’s war against foreign aggression is an impregnable fortress, the sea flooded the enemy.

the outbreak of war, not the result of a lit fuse. Tilt the balance of the war, a gold weight on the two sides contest the quality of superposition

Reporter: According to international practice is concerned, the war between the two countries should occur in the border, but the Marco Polo Bridge in China inland. The war is not a comprehensive border war in China it is the capital side lit. The incident tell us?

Peng Yulong: This event, the poor and weak old China is the result. Eight powers under the 1900 forced the Qing government to sign the “Boxer Protocol”, the largest Japanese troops in the north to get to the “in military power,” the equivalent potential in the belly of China under a “worms.” Then launch “Marco Polo Bridge Incident” in Japanese, is a Japanese army stationed in Fengtai wing. According to file records, June 1, 1937 there are 1171 people in this wing. To June 10, increased to 5774 people, is also equipped with armor, engineers, signal corps, cavalry, military police, hospitals, warehouses … … the Japanese in a foreign land can be carried out within such a short-term large-scale military movements and preparations for war, if China is a fully sovereign state, which is unthinkable. Can be seen, a country against aggression, if carrying a country poor and weak, the burden of sovereignty was lost, the war will decide to manipulate the hands of others, war time and place will take orders from people, controlled by others.

Reporter: We have a Japanese hand when using topographic maps in southern Hunan China, hills, streams, villages, paddy fields, paths, temples, woods … … very sophisticated, detailed, accurate and clear. Shonan region can be said that China’s hinterland, and clear about why the Japanese can be confused?

Peng Yulong: Japanese Aggression War against China, is a deliberate, premeditated. “918″ before the incident the Japanese military, some senior staff as Dohihara other people disguised as businessmen, tourists, into the Chinese interior professional military topographic mapping. These spies, and many later became commander of the Japanese generals, who has long been involved shuaibing invade the old way, which town is the strategic points, where the beach can visit, including a well to water the horses where they are well aware of . For example, the Japanese attack from the sea, South China, the Kuomintang troops landing point is the porous Dapeng Peninsula. So, where not only the well known Japanese Shonan. Including some very remote places, such as the mountain range along the western Yunnan is also very familiar with the terrain. I am there to visit in 1994, saw along the way are mountain valleys, the terrain is very advantageous. The late war, the Japanese attempt into Baoshan Tengchong, Bing Hui Tong directed at the bridge on the front – this connection the only natural barrier on both sides of the Nu River channel. Fortunately, the Chinese army blew up the bridge in time, or else. Less than now to look at, it is difficult to imagine the Japanese in the war on the fine and careful preparation.

the cost of battle and the duel is inversely proportional to the strength of both sides, an army of quality is the quality of each and a soldier, strength, quality is the essence of the contest the contest

correspondent: the Japanese invading army commander Yasuji Okamura said, the Japanese and the Kuomintang “Central Army” combat with a wing (group) is sufficient to defeat a division, a division motley crew just defeated a brigade (Camp). This is a fact? Why is he so arrogant?

Peng Yulong: In addition to the well-known weapons and equipment behind, strategic and tactical mistakes, the KMT army troops pre-war quality is also poor. Songhu battle in the Chinese army, including the best-equipped “German armed division,” a lot of soldiers do not understand modern warfare, enemy aircraft come from the infantry do not know; shells come from, do not know. Chinese troops fire made with rice, along with smoke, artillery and aircraft in Japan has become live targets … … In addition, we used to say China’s military advantage in numbers, the whole is like this, not local. For example, Chinese and Japanese military forces in the same preparation differ greatly on the number of troops. KMT “Central Army” a real division series to adjust less than 1.1 million troops, the Japanese army’s “workhorse” system division number reached 2.8 million soldiers, “draft horse” system has 2.5 million the number of divisions. For this, the KMT also acknowledged, Chiang Kai-shek once said: “our army can keep the enemy three times, six times the enemy can attack.”

Correspondent: But, also Yasuji Okamura also said that the elimination of the Communist Party of the Kang Da is eliminated half of the border region. Even say rather, “with 20 Japanese soldiers for a student Kang Da, with 50 Japanese soldiers for a Kang Da cadres.” Why is the Chinese military operations, he listed two different “than the price”?

Peng Yulong: Japanese troops in the armed forces and the Communist Party leadership contest, feel the tremendous power of people’s war. The Japanese said: “The Chinese armed forces to deal with, like cutting deep-rooted weeds, but no bother to try to effect, really do nothing.” From the tactical ability of the Eighth Route and New Fourth Army in the hands of the primitive weapons used are superb soldiers Bibi Yes. According to statistics, in the full eight-year war between the Eighth Route and New Fourth Army consume less than 4,000 million rounds of ammunition, hand grenades about 8 million. By killing 520,000 Japanese troops and an equal number of puppet statistics, the average consumption of 30 per kill and wound an enemy rounds of ammunition, seven hand grenades. The low proportion in the world is rare. Attention to the Japanese military education to reflect all of this, be attributed to the Chinese military has a “Kang Da” that comes from the Communist army’s combat effectiveness, which must be eradicated. This is a narrow understanding. In fact, the heroic people’s army is forging steel soldiers melting pot.

We are proud of David and Goliath, which also was the helplessness. We must remember that “bullied” more vigilant “in lost development opportunities should be beaten”

reporters: “toward the mountains, so the corpses fill the ravines; toward the sea, so great, full of floating corpses foreign face … “song in the modern world in the Military, so bloody rare Japanese military songs. Japanese is indeed a brutal fierce enemies. To overcome it, we must pay more costs in blood, is not it?

Peng Yulong: Japanese brutal aggressive world-famous, and even its allies, Germany is the Japanese say “the machine is operating at full capacity of the beast.” To overcome such an enemy, the Chinese military’s fighting spirit must also stronger than the enemy. A few years ago, I participated in the Sino-Japanese War the Chinese army casualty loss statistics, found that the expense of the KMT army generals have 240 people, including the posthumously to major general after the sacrifice. Another set of data showed that the Eighth Route Army cadres at and above the expense of the regiment up to 640 people, the New Fourth Army cadres at and above the expense of the group has more than 300 people, not including the Anti. The data I am shocked, because the Red Army reorganized into the Eighth Route and New Fourth Army, our cadres are “demoted use”, the Eighth Route and New Fourth Army’s head, many of which are teachers and even the Red Army commander, no doubt high-ranking officers. However, this account has never been counted. Moment in the life of the nation our military, at the expense of so many senior commanders, the fighting spirit of the Daredevil flame goes without saying that this is the national liberation army in this war worthy of the country, worthy of the nation’s irrefutable evidence is the people’s army forever proud!

Reporters: born in the flames of war, “March of the Volunteers’ sings:” our flesh and blood, build our new Great Wall. “In modern Chinese history, we must always be someone else pushed the road time to physically go to protest, always seek David and Goliath. At this point, do you think the War told the soldiers what today’s China?

Peng Yulong: This is a big proposition, I just want feelings. Old China against foreign aggression, poor and weak are always faced with a problem, always burdened with a heavy historical burden, always in lamented “bullied,” David and Goliath is always in duplicate. Until 1945, the Eighth Route Army in the total number of more than 90 million people, only 370,000 guns, each gun an average of less than 20 rounds of ammunition. Today’s China is rising, economic strength and national defense strength completely transformed. However, we must guard against “blind optimism will be beaten,” “loss of opportunities for development will be beaten.” We must always be the “Chinese nation to the most dangerous time” from the police, continued to strengthen national defense and army building, and never allow anyone to trample on our national sovereignty and national dignity, plunder our hard-won development achievements, stifle the development of our golden opportunities. Today’s Chinese soldiers, both to guard the blood of good land speckled predecessors, but also to watch a good revival of the Chinese nation into the future!

inch inch mountains and rivers of blood

■ ambush well soon, the Japanese convoy along the road to Pingxingguan off, the packed cars and horses the bottom. Head of the order, length and number of Division I sounded Chong Fenghao battle began.

– Red Army lucy, 115 Eighth Route Army division bugler Pingxingguan battle

■ One time, I was doing the Japanese siege. Emergency situation, I carry documents, secret code burned, shot flares riding the moment the enemy, against the enemy front to go out. At that time, the enemy’s bullets, like our feet like little goldfish jumping chaos, these are deep-fried child. We rushed to the front of the enemy, the enemy one o’clock shocked, carrying bayonets did not dare move.

– Eighth Route Army when he was district commander of the third column and Jizhong Jun, founding general Lu Zhengcao

■ Hundred Regiments final battle, Peng is on the phone to direct attack 129 Division Commander Liu roar: “Take no less than Kwan Nao, I removed the 129 division designation, I tell you, decapitate or small!”

– Artillery Regiment when he was a battalion headquarters of the Eighth Route Army Instructor Zhang Ying

■ Where the lost war, non-device of the crime, is human sin, to turn the tables, not a training of commanders, only after the powerful army.

– Chinese star Daian Lan War generals

■ Although our weapons is not good, but our will is firm, is ready and the devils fight in the end, death count!

– 96 years old, then four lines of the warehouse guards Shanghai “Eight Hundred Heroes” in the surviving veterans Yang Yang is

■ My father played in the Japanese devils xifengkou time, sword was cut rolled edge. Jap afraid of knives, wear iron collar, large knifed up fly to Mars. 29 Army soldiers very brave, and a knife cut to the head from the Devils, he still hack!

– Zhaodengyu eldest daughter of General Zhao Xuefen

■ For most Americans, war is a kind of tanks, aircraft, ships and artillery of the epic struggle. I never return the world to another place, where they are filled with organs from a secret entrance to the tunnel openings and the war.

– interviewed Shanxi-base U.S. correspondent Arnold Mann

(Ouyang Zhi-min series)