Strike out: Kuznetsov fully displayed their prowess east of the Diaoyu Islands

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Strike out: Kuznetsov fully displayed their prowess east of the Diaoyu Islands

Date:2011-10-31Author:adminCategory:Military hotComment:0

Recently, with the carrier aircraft F -15 debut, Chinese aircraft carrier once again become the focus of world attention. A number of defense projects in China, There is nothing you can say that the majority of military aircraft fans more affecting domestic users of the nerve. In this one, especially now Dalian modified “Kuznetsov” aircraft carrier concern.

present, the “Varyag” was the improvement project is nearing completion, is in the final stages of electronic equipment and carrier-based weapons such as outfitting, will next, two years after the sea trial and delivery of the Navy. With the “Kuznetsov” aircraft carrier serving the countdown, after serving about what he can have much performance, you can play a useful role, lost friends in the military began in a hot topic.

from the current situation, the “Varyag” was the view can be roughly divided into two. One school held that the “Varyag” was the performance will be very powerful, and even meet or exceed the French aircraft carrier. Another part of the users is that the “Varyag” was constrained by natural conditions, its role and effectiveness will be very limited.

then, as the Chinese navy’s first aircraft carrier, “Varyag” was exactly what role it will play? His overall combat effectiveness of ours? Limit his full potential factors by the what is it? If the Varyag near the Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea beyond the scope of coverage is how much? In this, Strato trying to use their knowledge and analysis of online friends about this matter. Limited because Strato, written certainly be inadequate. Please also netizens exhibitions.

for the “Varyag” was commissioned after the combat capability of long-standing debate. The focus of controversy after the service is its comprehensive performance, and ocean-going fleet of the Chinese navy’s support what can how much. The focus of which is his ability to set machine. There are many military fans friends that the “Varyag” was in service, due to its large tonnage, heavy-duty F -15 and supporting the performance of advanced carrier-based aircraft, flight, combat radius far, large load of bombs, will have a strong long-range combat capability.

so its operational performance, especially with long-range assault capability is very powerful. Even found a lot of friends, “Kuznetsov” aircraft carrier combat capability will be integrated over the French Navy fleet of “Charles de Gaulle” medium-sized nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. But Strato that this view is too blind optimism, is open to question.

powered aircraft carrier is actually a platform, is an offshore airport. As the core of modern ocean-going naval forces, are responsible for the ocean-going naval fleet or Marine Corps to provide air cover and support ocean of air, land/sea attack, air early detection/warning – command, electronic warfare support, air refueling and in – Remote air anti-submarine patrol mission. All of these are almost entirely dependent on the aircraft carrier-based aircraft equipped with various types. Ocean carrier if you want to give full play to their maximum potential and perform a variety of different nature and role of combat missions, it must be equipped with various types of carrier-based aircraft related.

example, carrier-based attack aircraft will be used to fight and fight to maintain control of the air, while attack enemy targets at sea or on land, ocean-going navy to perform the most basic or Marine Corps squadron to provide air cover and support ocean of air, land/sea attack missions; carrier-based airborne early warning – command and control aircraft are used for command based aircraft, airborne early warning and guidance for fleet and command; tankers used for the aerial refueling of other aircraft carrier to increase the range and combat radius; carrier-based aircraft for electronic jamming enemy radar electronic systems for attack aircraft to provide electronic warfare support to cover; and anti-submarine aircraft carrier-based aircraft carrier battle groups are used to provide in the ocean – air antisubmarine patrol remote areas. Various uses of different interrelated aircraft carrier and support, together constitute a complete organic whole. Only thus can the ocean carrier at sea this airport fully integrated performance, complete the play.

Strato that, objectively speaking, the current worldwide naval carrier-based air forces, the strongest were the United States and France. The reason why most U.S. air carrier, aircraft carrier that is not because it contains the number of machines in the world, not because war actually experience more rich. It is precisely because of its carrier can be equipped with a variety of different uses of the special aircraft!

on U.S. aircraft carrier-based aircraft types can be said to be the most complete, virtually every aspect of air – ground/sea attack, electronic warfare, airborne early warning, air refueling and air anti-submarine and other aspects even with carrier-based fixed-wing transport. And this one, especially to U.S. E-2 “Hawkeye” series of carrier-based fixed-wing AWACS is essential!

modern warfare, airborne early warning – command and control capability is essential. Especially for the sea – air combat even more so. Modern naval warfare, anti-ship missiles, aircraft and air caused by the threat has become the number one killer of surface ships. Traditional surface ship radar by many conditions, can not do cover a wide range of time, it will cause a lot of loopholes.

this is bound to pose a deadly threat to one’s own ship. And that directly spawned the birth and development of early warning aircraft carrier. The equivalent of a carrier-based AWACS airborne remote radar stations and command posts, greatly extended and enhanced reconnaissance aircraft carrier battle groups and command and control capabilities. World War II the previous sea – air war has proved that large-scale carrier-based fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS early warning aircraft, in particular, for the great ocean-going navy unparalleled sense! Especially British, Ama Island War, the British task forces precisely because there is no support for fixed-wing carrier-based early warning aircraft, airborne early warning radar a serious lack of capacity led to huge losses.

with the British than in the U.S. Navy’s integrated power system ocean-going operations, E-2 “Hawkeye” series of carrier-based fixed-wing AWACS play a central role. E-2 aircraft at 400 km away from the airspace more than 4 hours continuous duty, airborne radar can detect enemy in 600 km of aircraft, missiles, or ships, while directing one’s own aircraft carrier or other combat troops.

It is because of the tremendous effect of E-2, especially in the U.S. Navy aircraft carrier offshore in order to give full play to their maximum potential. E-2, especially the powerful long-range early warning surveillance capabilities, to protect aircraft carriers and other ships from the formation of anti-ship missiles and enemy aircraft attack is extremely important. It can be said, E-2 “Hawkeye” series of carrier-based fixed-wing AWACS is the soul of the entire U.S. Navy aircraft carrier.

The Strato The reason why the French Navy’s carrier-based air power after the U.S., it is precisely because of his “Charles de Gaulle” medium-sized nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, and prior to the conventionally powered aircraft carrier can be equipped with medium-sized and the use of E-2 “Hawkeye.” The early French aircraft carrier, such as “Super Etendard” in the performance not as good as the Russian Su-33, and his medium-sized aircraft carrier tonnage, not as Russia.

However, because of his medium-sized aircraft carrier can use E-2, so the integrated combat capabilities far stronger than Russia’s large aircraft carriers. When the more advanced “Rafale” aircraft carrier in service, the French Navy’s carrier-based air combat capability has been integrated much more than Russia, Britain and India, to become the world’s No. 2 after the United States strong.

U.S. development and production of E-2 “Hawkeye” series, is the world’s only practical for a large-scale fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS. French Navy is also directly imported from the United States. Can be said that Americans have a monopoly fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS technology. Ability to carry and use a fixed-wing carrier-based early warning aircraft, the carrier is directly related to combat or even the whole ocean-going navy. Fixed-wing AWACS aircraft is very harsh conditions, especially for aircraft carrier landing conditions require very high. Aircraft carrier off the deck a short distance, fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS bulky, heavy, Russia and the United Kingdom using the sliding carrier flying leaps off approach is unable to meet demand.

Currently, there is only one way how to adapt to his departure, this is the catapult take-off, the most sophisticated technology on the steam catapult. At the same time, the use of the steam catapult carrier have a big advantage, is its carrier aircraft can full of oil, the whole mount off, flight, combat radius and payload and other properties are not affected. The performance of carrier-based aircraft can be fully realized.

straight -8 early warning helicopters currently in test phase, the models have heavy-duty carrier-based fighter with the F model is a -15 in the name of “Wuhan cement version of” Kuznetsov Grid “number” on. Once the machine is successfully developed, will certainly served in the Chinese Navy aircraft carrier or his pre-big, medium-sized surface ships, and is likely to be equipped with Chinese aviation, as the Army’s own tactical warning means.

aircraft appeared, many people have found China to stop the introduction of similar products from Russia. But in July this year, authoritative sources confirmed that China has been officially ordered to Russia -31 9 card early warning helicopters. This shows that the aircraft is likely to be deployed in the service after the “Varyag” was on. Strato that the reason why the Chinese Navy to change the existing situation directly -8 still order cards -31, the biggest reason most likely is due to direct -8 warning helicopters currently still in development stage, is likely to lead to the development cycle for various reasons is too long. After all, China had not kind, from the development experience. The “Varyag” was not the construction progress have been waiting for the aircraft in service. Therefore, the introduction of mature and reliable card -31 is an effective solution.

card -31 warning is famous 俄罗斯卡莫夫 helicopter design bureau developed a medium-sized ship-borne early warning helicopters, aircraft and has a large number of new generation of Chinese Navy missile destroyer equipped with the Russian Ka-28 belong to the same series of large anti-submarine helicopters. -31 A major feature card is installed in the belly a retractable E801MOko phased array radar, air and maritime surveillance.

folding the radar usually closed in the belly, then put down the war, can rotate 360 ??degrees, 110-115 km range detection of small air targets and surface targets. In addition to early warning mission, the card can also perform anti-smuggling -31, air traffic control and even battlefield transport tasks. Card -31 in the Russian Navy the only one of its major equipment in the aircraft carrier “Admiral Kuznetsov”, a ship on the only airborne early warning tool.

card -31, although not as early warning helicopters, fixed wing AWACS performance, but as a very sophisticated equipment, after the introduction, after all, to a certain extent, China’s first aircraft carrier to fill the power vacuum air warning. And can be served quickly, to address the early warning helicopters straight -8 delay delivery problems. Meanwhile, the introduction of plan also shows the smooth progress of the Russian projects in the ship-borne early warning helicopters, and to prevent the blockade of China is far more sophisticated, sensitive to the Su-33 carrier-based fighter is much smaller.

absence of catapults, resulting in China, “Kuznetsov” aircraft carrier can only be used as a carrier-based airborne early warning early warning helicopters, the main force. Can now basically concluded, “Kuznetsov” aircraft carrier in service after the heavy use of carrier-based fighter F -15 carboplatin -31 (made straight for the future will replace -8) a combination of early warning helicopters. Of course, will also include some other models such as the auxiliary anti-submarine/transport helicopters. Strato believe that this combination will be seriously hampered aircraft carrier combat play. At the same time, it basically can be inferred by the combination of generally “Varyag” was in service will have the ability to fight, and will play a role.

we all know, early warning helicopters, both in the ceiling, range, combat radius, or the endurance time, and carry the load, personnel, electronic equipment, personnel working living environment, and integrated combat capabilities such as airborne radar detection range , detection capability, electronic systems and information processing capacity of one’s own air, naval forces command and coordination, control, etc., are far inferior to a large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS! Now you can basically conclude that the “Varyag” was an early warning service will only carry helicopters, which will greatly affect not only their play fighting, but also will seriously affect their play in the future comprehensive performance.

“Varyag” was the future will be equipped with a card-31 and direct -8 warning helicopters, which are the two most typical medium-sized helicopters. Card -31 maximum range is 600 km, and effective combat radius is 150 km, life is 2.5 hours. The basic straight -8 maximum range is 830 km, the effective combat radius of 200 km under standard fuel life 2.31 hours.

two early warning helicopters, combat radius and endurance are not only very small, but life is short. Ocean-going ships only in the medial time activities. At the same time, due to small size, resulting in portable radar detection range, and how much the batch target detection capability, the goal of one’s own information processing and coordination of naval and air force command far less critical capabilities such as fixed-wing AWACS. Because of its low ceiling, so the high-altitude target detection capability is far better than a large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS.

so Strato that, when the card 31 and a straight -8 early warning helicopters began in China, “Varyag” was in service, the performance can not be done due to its wide range of radar coverage, and life less, combat radius is short, low ceiling and radar detection range is short, and the lack of the high-altitude long-range target detection capability. Will be used to detect short-range low-altitude low altitude and surface targets.

then, the remote, the high-altitude target detection that who is responsible for it? Strato that can only come to the surface charge of the ship’s radar. Specifically, to the “Varyag” was currently being installed on the, made a fixed array of heavy-duty four active phased array radar. This type of radar to improve self-made 052C “Lanzhou” missile destroyer-class large-scale product, but the volume and power will be greater.

it is estimated that not less than the maximum detection range of 500 km. Due to the lack of large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS, “Varyag” was and air defense destroyer escort that heavy active phased array radar will assume the entire fleet on the high-altitude targets in the remote early warning detection task . The card 31 and the task straight -8 early warning helicopters, is as a short-range tactical “point-like” early radar detection means, as a complement to these large-scale ship-based radar. The carrier or other large and medium-sized surface ships as the basis, in China’s aircraft carrier battle groups within a radius of 200 km, 200 km range is used to detect low-altitude, low altitude surface or air targets, to fill Haijileida deficiencies.

Strato believe that this will be one of the most typical of the sea-based ship-borne radar-based, airborne early warning to a small auxiliary power for the tactical combination of early warning radar. This combined mode if no other aids, such as similar land-based air marshals -2000 strategic long-range early warning aircraft, heavy, or strong space reconnaissance, communications satellite network support.

so, it can play or coverage area, will be based on the aircraft carrier as the center does not exceed the maximum radius of 500-600 km. This is the other modern sea – air combat capabilities integrated under a modern fleet of large ocean areas in self-defense can bear minimum. That is, at best, this combination can only meet China’s first aircraft carrier battle groups in the ocean environment, ocean combat self-defense needs. This is one of the most typical defensive mode, only the effective protection of the future “Varyag” was the formation of their own safety, but can not be done or the French navy to the United States that, in a large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS support to go farther range, the implementation of the enemy’s offensive operations.

Similarly, the lack of catapult take-off, airborne early warning and the weak force more will severely restrict the “Varyag” was in service, its equipped with heavy-duty F -15 combat attack aircraft carrier battle play. On the one hand, flying leaps by sliding the impact of all F-mount -15 can not be filled with oil to take off, combat radius and payload will be severely constrained. F-15 Russian Su-33 close relatives, their flying leaps slip a combat radius of 768 km under the maximum payload is 6.5 tons.

flying leaps in sliding under the strict constraints, such a large value is valuable. Taking into account the use of a large number of F -15 and optimize the composite airframe structure, the weight will be lower than the Su-33, fuel capacity is likely to increase. Therefore, the maximum of its flying leaps slip combat radius of 800 km or more may be more. But more than foreign counterparts, such as the French “Rafale”, there are still significant gaps. This will greatly restrict the performance of -15 F to play.

More importantly, as mentioned earlier, in the sea-based radar-based carrier, with small airborne early warning force to complement the tactical combination of early warning radar mode, the “Varyag” was formation of the largest early-warning radar no more than 500-600 km radius. The real proof, simply can not do without modern ocean-going naval AWACS support. Airborne early warning aircraft carrier-based fighter in the absence of support, to challenge the enemy on their own separate modern three-dimensional air defense system is unthinkable, not to mention the primary carrier-based aircraft carrier battle group mission is to protect their own safety.

Therefore, if no other strong external support. Once the “Varyag” was commissioned by its relatively weak coordination of early warning radar and air command and capacity constraints, equipped with heavy-duty F -15 attack aircraft carrier battle the effective operational range will be limited to 500-600 km range. In this context, airborne early warning helicopters, aircraft carrier and under the guidance of the aircraft carrier battle groups on one’s own air cover, and the enemy’s air, land and sea targets for attack missions. Once over which have a wide,

-15 F will lose coordination of early warning and command of the air force radar support, can only rely on their own airborne radar and other equipment operations, in order to face the enemy, such as Vietnam powerful air defense system, which is almost inconceivable. In the range of 500-600 km, the largest use is -15 F to intercept enemy air, sea power, such as the enemy, enemy ships or incoming anti-ship missiles, to protect the safety of one’s own fleet.

can not break through this range, air superiority battle with the enemy or one’s own combat forces, such as the Marine Corps amphibious landing to provide air cover. Long-range enemy can not attack surface targets. This will severely restrict the F -15 heavy attack aircraft carrier battle had the advantage of long-range combat capability, also belong to one of the most typical defensive force.

so Strato that China “Varyag” was in service, subject to airborne early warning and command capabilities and constraints of fighter combat radius, its effective coverage, the control may not exceed the maximum radius of 600 km. In this area, relying on early warning helicopters, and heavy-duty carrier command guidance radar, the F -15 will be able to effectively protect the Chinese aircraft carrier battle groups against enemy air and sea attacks.

while in this context, the implementation of ground and sea targets for enemy attack missions. Once out of this range, F -15 to rely on their own radar systems operations. As the modern coastal defense weapons such as shore-based anti-ship missiles and missile boats, and land-based combat aircraft and combat radius combat range farther and farther, they can already easily cover the range of 500-600 km. Therefore, it is difficult to imagine the massive Chinese aircraft carrier battle groups near the enemy will risk 600 kilometers away from this extremely dangerous to allow the implementation of carrier-based aircraft on the sea/ground attack missions. Therefore, F-15 primary task is to ensure the safety of his aircraft carrier battle groups, that is, self-defense.

this Strato can roughly conclude that China’s “Varyag” was in service, its operational effectiveness will be: relying on the early warning helicopters and heavy-to-air radar carrier with full, strong self-defense capability, sufficient to ensure one’s own range of 500-600 km of air and sea, underwater safety, and can be implemented within this limited ground/sea attack operations. Therefore, China’s first aircraft carrier battle groups, the most typical part of a sea/ocean type of self-defense, defensive combat forces.

put it bluntly, is more than self-protection, Gongdi enough. Strictly speaking, due to their own do not have the essential basic remote airborne early warning command and control capability, a serious lack of long-range offensive capabilities.

so unless you can get early warning aircraft, or other external forces such as strong support for the satellite, otherwise he has away from the coast/ocean offensive combat capability will be limited. “Varyag” was the cover 500-600 kilometers in the sea-based self-defense – an integrated air combat capability, can effectively deal with the range of the Nansha Islands, Vietnam or Malaysia, countries such as ocean current 3 combat missions. And in this area, you can also get Chinese Air Force AWACS and other land-based strategic forces of heavy-duty support.

which can effectively control the entire basic Nansha waters. However, this will be difficult to adapt to the Indian Ocean from mainland China and the operational environment, and India, a strong opponent of the high-intensity combat.

China’s first aircraft carrier is likely to occur more than this to protect themselves, Gongdi inadequate performance, so many military fans may be disappointed and discontented users. But Strato that the most important cause of this embarrassing situation is the innate factors. Is the “Varyag” was born with chronic illness in this slide flying leaps! It is this relatively backward take-off mode, a direct result of this displacement of 60,000 tons of large fixed-wing aircraft not equipped with large-scale early warning aircraft, combat is not like the French medium-sized aircraft carrier. This is a congenital factors, not the Chinese technicians can be remedied at this stage. That there is no other solution? Of course there is.

Strato that the first and most practical, is to speed up the pace of building China’s space forces, strengthening early warning and space surveillance communications and navigation capabilities. By space-based aircraft to provide power for remote warning and command support. This can to some extent compensate for the lack of fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS deficiencies. At the same time, you can try in the ocean surrounding areas such as the Indian Ocean to establish a base to deploy air marshals -2000 This is kind of heavy-duty transport -8 improved long-range land-based patrol aircraft, early warning or remote. This can support operations in the Indian Ocean Chinese aircraft carrier battle group.

but, after all, are expedient. To tackle the “Varyag” was a relatively weak current long-range combat chronic illness, the only effective way is for carrying a large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS. “Varyag” was flying leaps sliding mode current is the biggest bottleneck restricting its combat effectiveness, not only limits the use of early warning aircraft, and greatly restricted the ability of carrier-based fighter F -15 heavy play. First direction is the need to be able to solve the fixed-wing AWACS.

first slide flying leaps fixed AWACS mode Despite very bad on the ship, but this is not absolute. Minimum, the former Soviet Union in the development of the “Kuznetsov” class aircraft carrier, originally a supporting fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS program, which is the name of a large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS Jacques -44, he was with the United States Army E-2 “Hawkeye” the same level of equipment. While on the ship Jacques -44 initial test actually is more behind the “Kiev” class aircraft carrier on it!

This shows that the Russians actually did slip a solution to use fixed-wing aircraft flying leaps early warning capability. Just as later the Soviet Union, leading to national economic collapse, unable to bear the development costs had to be abandoned. According to the present to get information on the relative authority of China’s Xi’an Aircraft is developing a large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS and Jacques -44 striking similarity, both in shape and aerodynamic layout is almost exactly the same.

“Varyag” was typical of a large aircraft carrier, the conditions far from the British and Indian small aircraft carrier can be compared. He has a large flight deck and take-off roll distance. Moreover, its bow Yue-fei deck just off base can provide considerable. As long as the technology properly, fully meet the large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS.

first Strato that the future of large fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS China must have a strong motivation to compensate for the lack of aircraft take-off conditions. Also, consider using complementary tools to help take off. For example, you can use in early warning aircraft of more than a disposable, large one-time high-thrust rocket booster, which can greatly enhance the early warning aircraft took off when the thrust.

to install a one-time booster rocket planes to increase the take-off thrust to shorten the distance. This is not something new, dangerous and sophisticated technology, foreign back in the early 1970s large-scale practical use has been widely used in fighter aircraft, transport aircraft and bombers and other large and medium-sized military flight, and achieved very good the effect.

in many Chinese-made aircraft such as UAVs, have long been a large-scale applications, so technically there is no difficulty. Future large-scale fixed-wing carrier-based AWACS China, if the body can be extensive use of new composite materials to reduce their weight, while its powerful engine with considerable power. Supplemented by more than a large one-time boost and high-thrust rocket booster deck bow Yue-fei, is fully able to slip off the jump conditions.

and after launch, you can add fuel to its carrier-based tanker (Strato Note: See Stratovarius on carrier-based tanker ら Cang on “China’s aircraft carrier Eagle!: Prospect of China special carrier aircraft development “). This will effectively make up the “Varyag” was the existing gap.

same time, the “Varyag” was in service after decades of service received during a series of modernization is bound to like. Therefore, when future infrastructure matures, can install homemade catapult. This added bow catapult jump take-off slip mode, will be able to completely reverse the “Varyag” was the existing deficiencies.

long-term perspective, Strato that China must focus on as soon as possible to master the catapult technology, the only way to fundamentally change China’s aircraft carrier capability deficiencies. Because the authority of the currently available information can be inferred, due to its technical strength, Chinese-made aircraft carrier in the technology would certainly be the “Varyag” was greatly influenced. In many ways, will inherit the tradition of the Russian system.

In fact, the present data show that many of China’s first domestically produced aircraft carriers used, is the “Varyag” flying leaps of sliding mode. Therefore, without the catapult technology, the domestic carrier is bound to step “Varyag” was followed, can not use fixed-wing carrier-based aircraft. If so, China’s ocean-going navy is bound to be fighting a great impact!

In summary, we can objective of the conclusion: As China’s first aircraft carrier, subject to a number of congenital factors, “Varyag” in the service initially, will have the ocean-going ships self-defense capability of its own region. China’s first aircraft carrier battle groups, the typical defensive ocean carrier battle group. This makes many people more or less disappointed. But Strato that this is caused by objective factors.

Moreover, its technology, including a severe shortage of foreign technology blockade has developed numerous strong premise, the Chinese military researchers to make China’s first aircraft carrier with such a capability, allowing him enough control of most of the Spratly Islands region, is extremely valuable. And we should believe that, as China’s first aircraft carrier. “Varyag” number of trials to explore the meaning, much larger than his real meaning. With the development of domestic technology, modified in the future, the Chinese military scientists must make “Varyag” was growing strong.

future of China-made aircraft carrier to avoid re-inverted “Varyag” was the mistake, the most critical is the need to address the core technology catapult. Ocean-going navy aircraft carrier is the core of the aircraft carrier catapult is a key technology. We can say that catapult technology, will become a direct impact on the Chinese navy’s ocean-going key core technology, unmatched, great strategic value and significance! ! The ability to have this technology, it will directly determine whether the Chinese Navy to become a true sense of the large ocean-going navy offensive!

In this regard, China has a long way to go. Developed countries to curb China, will definitely continue to block us. However, we firmly believe, had difficult years, entirely self-reliance of hard work to create “bombs and one satellite” Albert the Chinese military scientists, will rely on the wisdom of the Chinese people themselves to create new miracles. In their hands, will enter the Chinese navy blue! ! ! [Author: Stratovarius ら Cang month]

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